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EDUCATION & TRAINING – SHAPE DEFECTS

EDUCATION & TRAINING – SHAPE DEFECTS

Shape Defect Measurement

Principles of Shape Correction for flat rolled strip and the equipment it takes to do the job!
Virtually all shape defects in a flat rolled strip are caused by non-uniform dimensions and most can be corrected.

Shape Defects

Virtually all shape defects in flat rolled strip are caused by non-uniform dimensions and most can be corrected. When flat metal strip is really flat all the dimensions of the strip are equal. This means that thickness is uniform; the length of the strip is uniform from edge to edge and in line with the strip. If any of these dimensions are not uniform, the strip tends to have bad shape.

Coil Set

Graphic of Shape Defects Coil Set

Top side is longer than the bottom side in line with the length of the strip. Easy to correct.

Cross Bow

Graphic of Shape Defects Cross Bow

The bottom side is longer than the other side. Length differential can be in line with the strip or from edge to edge. This is relatively easy to correct.

Edge Wave

Graphic of Shape Defect Edge Wave

Edges are longer than the center across the width and in line with the strip. More difficult to correct but can be corrected.

Center Buckle

Graphic of Shape Defect Center Buckle

Center is longer than the edges across the width and in line with the strip. More difficult to correct, but can be corrected.

Camber

Graphic of Shape Defects Chamber

From edge to edge the strip gradually gets longer, basically a large arc. Can be improved, but very difficult to completely correct.

Crown

Graphic of Shape Defects Crown

Thickness is greater in the center than the edges. Cannot be corrected with a leveler.

Internal Stress

Strip appears flat but opposing internal deformities are present and cancel each other out until released. Internal stress is a shape defect usually in the form of coil set, edge wave, or center buckle that is not apparent until the material is cut, punched or processed later. Can be corrected but difficult to detect.

Shape Defect Measurement

In order to quantify a shape defect a unit of measurement is required. The most common industry standard for measuring shape is the “I – Unit”.

shape defect measurement equation
Shape Defect Measurements
WAVE
HEIGHT
WAVE INTERVAL IN INCHES
12 18 24 30 36 42 48
0.064 7.0 3.1 1.7 1.1 0.8 0.6 0.4
0.125 26.8 11.9 6.7 4.3 3.0 2.2 1.7
0.188 60.2 26.8 15.1 9.6 6.7 4.9 3.8
0.250 107.1 47.6 26.8 17.1 11.9 8.7 6.7
0.313 167.3 74.4 41.8 26.8 18.6 13.7 10.5
0.375 241.0 107.1 60.2 38.6 26.8 19.7 15.1
0.438 328.0 145.8 82.0 52.5 36.4 26.8 20.5
0.500 428.4 190.4 107.1 68.5 47.6 35.0 26.8
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